Sigiriya Rock Fort

Many a noted historians believe Sigiriya to have a connect with Ramayana’s Ravana. It is believed that the plateau top was the site of Ravana’s majestic palace, made of solid gold and crafted by Kubera, the God of Wealth, around 50 centuries ago. One look at the site, and you would know how big an architectural feat this place must have been. With around 1000 stairs to the top, it used to have a lift for Ravana and his visitors to get to the top. Imagine this place with a lift that worked some 50 centuries ago! Would have surely given Tesla a run for money back then.If you look closely towards the bottom of this rock plateau, you will find a number of caves. As believed, one of these caves is where Ravana imprisoned Sita, after abducting her. This story can very well be true for the cave walls have (still) brightly-colored paintings, depicting scenes from the age of Ramayana. Other than that, you will spot a number of women portraits, believed to be portraits of the many wives of Ravana.

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT

Sigiriya Has Striking Geological Profile Being Rocky Outcrop & One of Sri Lanka ‘S Ancient Political Capitals and Most Sensation Archaeological Heritage Site That Has Also Been Listed on World Heritage List. However, Interest in Sigiriya Today Is Focused on Constructional Activities of King Kashyapa Who Was a Son of Dhatusena Sigiriya Was Completely Abandoned and Was Swallowed Up by The Surrounding Jungle, Forgotten and Quite Alone in Its Glory

During King Kashyapa’s reign (477 to 495 AD), Sigiriya was developed into a complex city and fortress. Most of the elaborate constructions on the rock summit and around it, including defensive structures, palaces, and gardens, date from this period. The Cūḷavaṃsa describes King Kashyapa as the son of King Dhatusena.

INTERNATIONAL CONTACTS

Research Conducted in And Around Sigiriya Reveal That It Rulers Had Relations with Diverse Foreign Countries. Roman And Indo Roman  Coins Found During Excavations Provide the Principal Supporting Evidence for This Summaries ,Earthenware Utensils Belonging to The Sassanian Dynasty of Ancient Persia Have Found At Least Three of The Graffiti Verse Mention Silk from China

CITY PLANNING AND LANDSCAPING

Sigiriya is considered to be one of the most important urban planning sites of the first millennium, and the site plan is considered very elaborate and imaginative. The plan combined concepts of symmetry and asymmetry to intentionally interlock the man-made geometrical and natural forms of the surroundings.

Sri Lanka is an island with a beautiful landscape located in the Indian Ocean. The island consists of mountains, plains, rivers, waterfalls, beaches and various types of vegetation as well as buildings, roads, tanks, industries and croplands built by man on this physical environment.

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PAINTINGS

The Ancient City of Sigiriya was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1982. It is a major archaeological site with a history that extends from prehistoric times to the eighteenth century, but is best known for its outstanding wall paintings dated to the fifth century AD.

The intricate and lavish gem studded jewelry that adorns the women in these paintings also suggest that they may have been members of the royal family, namely Kashyapa’s daughters. There is also a belief that the paintings depict apsaras, or goddesses, that are emerging from the heavens to bless the citadel.

THE MIRROR WALL AND GRAFFITI

Sigiriya mirror wall is a fifth-century brick wall that would have originally covered the whole stairway flanking the rock face. During King Kassapa’s time, the wall plaster was polished to create a mirror effect and hence the name.

These graffiti offer a fascinating insight into the history of Sigiriya and the evolution of language in Sri Lanka over a period of 800 years. The majority of the graffiti refer to the beautiful paintings the Sigiriya Frescoes, that once covered most of the western surface of Sigiriya Rock

WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

These water systems are considered an engineering marvel due to the use of hydraulic power, underground tunnel systems and gravitational force that creates a visually spectacular system of pools and fountains still functioning almost 1,500 years later.

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Polonnaruwa :Buddhist’s Heritage

Polonnaruwa Kingdom Was Considering Inner Citadel, Outer Citadel, Monastery Area and Inner Monatery Area.Polonnaruva Is Medieval Capital of Sri Lanka. The Rulers of The Polonnaruwa Period Built Vast Irrigation. Reservoirs The Parakramsamundra “Sea of Parakrama” Built by The Greatest of The Polonnaruwa Kings.Parakrambahu 1. Polonnaruwa With Many Important Examples of Ancient Architecture, Sculpture and Paintings Is a One of The Major Archaeological Sites in The Country.

AGRICULTURE

The Polonnaruva Period Is Regarded as Golden Age of Agriculture in Sri Lanka to King Vijay bahu Goes the Credit of Restoring Irrigation Works Damaged During Invasions at The End of The Anuradhapura Era.

RELIGIOUS BACKGROUND

Since The Beginning Period of Anuradhapura Era Religious Activities Were Going on In Polonnaruwa Hence Buddhism Religious Buildings Were Created. Hinduism Was Blended with Buddhism Is Another Factor at This Factor

ARCHITECTURE

In The Center of This Circular Building, Which Is Raised on A Granite Circular Terrace, Is the Dageba or Stupa, Which Is Made of Bricks. There Are Four Seated Buddha Images Facing the Four Entrances to The Upper Terrace Entrances. In Earlier Times, This Dageba Had Been Covered by A Roof, Resting on Stone Pillars.

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PAINTINGS

Among The Historical Buildings Available at Polonnaruwa, Image House Were Included Beautiful Paintings and Also Potugalwehera and Other Buildings If Existing Factors for The Paintings There Are No Proper Evidences to Proof That. However, Thiwanka Image House Concern as The Place Where Highly Paintings Are Still Protected.

MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SCIENCE

The Monastic Hospital in The Precincts of Polonnaruva Alahana Parivena Complex Reveals a Mass of Fascinating Information About Mediaeval Indigenous Medical Science and Practices.

THE MINTING OF COINS

In Anuradhapura Era, There Is Evidence of Local as Well As Foreign Coins. The Abundance of Coins Mined by The Rulers in Polonnaruva Period Which Have Been Discovered Suggests That There Was Economic Prosperity at The Time Copper Was Widely Used for The Coinage and Though the Show Much Similarity, The Coins Were Inscribed with The Name of Ruler at The Time.

EARTHENWARE POTTERY

A Great Profusion of Pottery Has Been Discovered During Archaeological Excavations at Polonnaruvaas Compare to Polonnaruva Earth ware Anuradhapura Have Shown Earthenware with High Gloss & Quality, But Utensils Found in Polonnaruwa Sites Like Clay Lamps, Accessories & Part of Huge Lamps

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Due To Found Chinese Coins from Polonnaruva Connection Between Chinese “Sung” Royalty and Sri Lanka At 12Th Century, also ceramic Objects Found in This Era Showing That Economic Activities Were Conducted. Another Interesting Find Is Part of a Tea Pot Called “Timokka” Used Exclusively by Chinese Royalty.Polonnaruva Rulers Also Had Religious and Diplomatic Relations with Countries of South East Asia Such as Thailand

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